CourseKata - ckcode-chapter-a4-explaining-variation

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ckcode ⌲ chapter-a4-explaining-variation

require(coursekata)

# Create a histogram of Thumb from the Fingers data set

gf_histogram(~Thumb, data=Fingers)
hist(Fingers$Thumb)

ex() %>% check_or(
    check_function(., "gf_histogram") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    check_function(., "hist") %>%
        check_arg("x") %>% check_equal()
)

CK Code: ch4-1

require(coursekata)

# Change the default colors for the different values of the explanatory variable
gf_histogram(~ Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~ Sex)

gf_histogram( ~ Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~ Sex) %>%
    gf_refine(scale_fill_manual(values = c("red","blue")))

msg <- "Did you make sure to use the pipe (`%>%`) to send the output of `gf_histogram` to `gf_refine`?"
ex() %>% {
    check_function(., "gf_histogram")
    check_function(., "gf_refine") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object", arg_not_specified_msg = msg) %>%
          check_equal(incorrect_msg = msg, append = FALSE, eq_fun = function(x, y) all(class(x) == class(y)))
        check_arg(., "...",    arg_not_specified_msg = msg)
    }
    check_function(., "scale_fill_manual") %>%
        check_arg("values")
}

CK Code: ch4-2

require(coursekata)

# Modify this code to create density histograms
gf_histogram(~ Thumb, data = Fingers) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Sex ~ .)

# Modify this code to create density histograms
gf_dhistogram(~ Thumb, data = Fingers) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Sex ~ .)

ex() %>% {
  check_function(., "gf_dhistogram") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
  }
  check_function(., "gf_facet_grid") %>% {
    check_arg(., 1) %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., 2) %>% check_equal()
  }
}

CK Code: ch4-3

require(coursekata)

# Write code to create paneled density histograms of Thumb to explore variables that would do a poor job of explaining variation (categorical variables)

# Any of these would be marked correct
gf_dhistogram(~Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~RaceEthnic) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(RaceEthnic ~ .)

gf_dhistogram(~Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~Year) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Year ~ .)

gf_dhistogram(~Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~Job) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Job ~ .)

gf_dhistogram(~Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~MathAnxious) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(MathAnxious ~ .)

gf_dhistogram(~Thumb, data = Fingers, fill = ~Interest) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Interest ~ .)

ex() %>% {
    check_function(., "gf_dhistogram") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object")
        check_arg(., "data")
    }
    check_or(.,
        check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", index = 1) %>%
            check_arg("object"),
        check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", index = 2) %>%
            check_arg("object"),
        check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", index = 3) %>%
            check_arg("object"),
        check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", index = 4) %>%
            check_arg("object"),
        check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", index = 5) %>%
            check_arg("object")
    )
}

CK Code: ch4-4

require(coursekata)

MindsetMatters <- Lock5withR::MindsetMatters %>%
    mutate(WtLost = ifelse(Wt2 < Wt, "lost", "not lost"))

# Write code to make the most appropriate visualization for the outcome variable

gf_bar(~WtLost, data = MindsetMatters)

ex() %>% check_function("gf_bar") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal(incorrect_msg = "Did you specify the outcome variable `~WtLost`?")
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal(incorrect_msg = "Did you call `gf_bar()` with the `MindsetMatters` data set?")
}

CK Code: ch4-5

require(coursekata)

MindsetMatters <- Lock5withR::MindsetMatters %>%
  mutate(WtLost = ifelse(Wt2 < Wt, "lost", "not lost"))

# Create a bar graph of WtLost, then use gf_facet_grid() to compare the outcome across conditions

# Create a bar graph of WtLost, then use gf_facet_grid() to compare the outcome across conditions
gf_bar(~ WtLost, data = MindsetMatters) %>%
  gf_facet_grid(Condition ~ .)

ex() %>% {
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_bar") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution(., "gf_bar(MindsetMatters, ~ WtLost)") %>%
      check_function("gf_bar") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
      }
  )
  check_function(., "gf_facet_grid") %>%
    check_arg(2) %>%
    check_equal()
}

CK Code: ch4-6

require(coursekata)

MindsetMatters <- Lock5withR::MindsetMatters %>%
    mutate(WtLost = ifelse(Wt2 < Wt, "lost", "not lost"))

# Play around with gf_jitter

gf_jitter(Thumb ~ Sex, data = Fingers)

ex() %>% check_function("gf_jitter")

CK Code: ch4-7

require(coursekata)

# Modify this boxplot to look at Thumb length by Job
gf_boxplot(Thumb ~ Sex, data = Fingers, color = ~Sex) %>%
    gf_jitter(height = 0, color = "gray", alpha = .5, size = 3)

gf_boxplot(Thumb ~ Job, data = Fingers) %>%
    gf_jitter(height = 0, color = "gray", alpha = .5, size = 3)

ex() %>% check_function(., "gf_boxplot") %>% {
        check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    }

CK Code: ch4-8

require(coursekata)
survey <- data.frame(any1_20 = Survey$Any1_20)

# Make a histogram of any1_20

gf_histogram(~ any1_20, data = survey)

ex() %>%  {
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_histogram") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution_code(., 'gf_histogram(~survey$any1_20)') %>%
      check_function("gf_histogram") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>%
      check_equal()
  )
}

CK Code: ch4-9

require(coursekata)
set.seed(13)

# create a random sample of 211 numbers between 1 and 20
any1_20 <-

# this puts any1_20 into a new data frame called computer
computer <- data.frame(any1_20)

# make a histogram of any1_20 from computer

# create a random sample of 211 numbers between 1 and 20
any1_20 <- resample(1:20, 211)

# this puts any1_20 into a new data frame called computer
computer <- data.frame(any1_20)

# make a histogram of any1_20 from computer
gf_histogram(~ any1_20, data = computer, bins = 20)

ex() %>%  {
  check_object(., "any1_20") %>% check_equal()
  check_object(., "computer") %>% check_equal()
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_histogram") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution_code(., '{
      any1_20 <- resample(1:20, 211)
      computer <- data.frame(any1_20)
      gf_histogram(~computer$any1_20)
    }') %>%
      check_function("gf_histogram") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>%
      check_equal()
  )
}

CK Code: ch4-10

require(coursekata)
set.seed(13)

# modify this to generate a random sample of 10,000
any1_20 <- resample(1:20, 211)

# modify this to put any1_20 into a new data frame called computer
computer <-

# this makes a histogram of any1_20 from computer
gf_histogram(~ any1_20, data = computer, fill = "dodgerblue", color = "gray", bins = 20) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Computer generated random numbers (n = 211)")

# modify this to generate a random sample of 10,000
any1_20 <- resample(1:20, 10000)

# modify this to put any1_20 into a new data frame called computer
computer <- data.frame(any1_20)

# this makes a histogram of any1_20 from computer
gf_histogram(~any1_20, data = computer, fill = "dodgerblue", color = "gray", bins = 20) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Computer generated random numbers (n = 10,000)")

check_10000 <- function(x, y) stringr::str_detect(x, "10,?000")
ex() %>% {
  check_object(., "any1_20")
  check_object(., "computer")
  check_function(., "gf_labs") %>%
    check_arg("title") %>%
    check_equal(eq_fun = check_10000)
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_histogram") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution_code(., '{
      any1_20 <- resample(1:20, 10000)
      computer <- data.frame(any1_20)
      gf_histogram(~computer$any1_20)
    }') %>%
      check_function("gf_histogram") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>%
      check_equal()
  )
}

CK Code: ch4-11

require(coursekata)

# Use ntile() to cut Height into groups
Fingers$Height2Group <-

# This prints out the first 6 observations of Height and Height2Group
head(select(Fingers, Height, Height2Group))

# Use ntile() to cut Height into groups
Fingers$Height2Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)

# This prints out the first 6 observations of Height and Height2Group
head(select(Fingers, Height, Height2Group))

ex() %>% check_correct(
    check_object(., "Fingers") %>%
        check_column("Height2Group") %>%
        check_equal(),
    {
        check_error(.)
        check_function(., "ntile", not_called_msg = "Have you called ntile()?") %>%
            check_arg("n") %>%
            check_equal()
    }
)

incorrect_msg <- "Did you remember to use select() to select the Height and Height2Group columns from the Fingers data frame before calling head()?"
ex() %>%  check_or(
    check_output_expr(., "head(select(Fingers, Height, Height2Group))", missing_msg = incorrect_msg),
    check_output_expr(., "head(select(Fingers, Height2Group, Height))", missing_msg = incorrect_msg)
)

CK Code: ch4-21

require(coursekata)

# Here we create the variable Height2Group
Fingers$Height2Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)

# Try creating histograms of Thumb in a grid by Height2Group

# Here we create the variable Height2Group
Fingers$Height2Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)

# Try creating histograms of Thumb in a grid by Height2Group
gf_histogram(~Thumb, data=Fingers) %>%
    gf_facet_grid(Height2Group ~ .)

ex() %>% check_or(
    check_function(., "gf_histogram") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution(., "gf_histogram(Fingers, ~Thumb)") %>%
        check_function("gf_histogram") %>% {
            check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
            check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
        }
)


ex() %>%
    check_function(., "gf_facet_grid", not_called_msg = "Have you called gf_facet_grid() to put your histograms in a grid?") %>%
    check_arg(., "object") %>%
    check_equal()


ex() %>% check_or(
    check_function(., "gf_facet_grid") %>%
        check_arg(2) %>%
        check_equal(),
    override_solution(., "gf_facet_grid(gf_histogram(Fingers, ~Thumb), . ~ Height2Group)") %>%
        check_function('gf_facet_grid') %>%
        check_arg(2) %>%
        check_equal()
)

CK Code: ch4-22

require(coursekata)

# This code will cut Height from Fingers into 2 categories
Fingers$Height2Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)

# Try using factor() to label the groups "short" and "tall"


# This code recreates the faceted histogram
gf_histogram(~ Thumb, data = Fingers) %>%
gf_facet_grid(Height2Group ~ .)

Fingers$Height2Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)
Fingers$Height2Group <- factor(Fingers$Height2Group, levels = c(1,2), labels = c("short", "tall"))
gf_histogram(~ Thumb, data = Fingers) %>%
gf_facet_grid(Height2Group ~ .)

ex() %>% check_correct(
    check_object(., "Fingers") %>% check_column("Height2Group") %>% check_equal(incorrect_msg = "Did you remember to save the factored variable back into Fingers$Height2Group?"),
{
    check_error(.)
    check_function(., "factor") %>% check_arg("levels") %>% check_equal()
    check_function(., "factor") %>% check_arg("labels") %>% check_equal()

}
)




success_msg("Wow! You're a rock staR. Keep up the good work!")

CK Code: ch4-23

require(coursekata)
Fingers <- Fingers %>%
  mutate(Height2Group = factor(ntile(Height, 2), 1:2, c("short", "tall")))

# Create a scatterplot of Thumb by Height2Group


# Create boxplots of Thumb by Height2Group

# Create a scatterplot of Thumb by Height2Group
gf_point(Thumb ~ Height2Group, data = Fingers)

# Create boxplots of Thumb by Height2Group
gf_boxplot(Thumb ~ Height2Group, data = Fingers)

ex() %>% {
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_point") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_point") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
      },
    override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_point") %>%
        check_arg("object") %>%
        check_equal(),
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Thumb ~ Height2Group, data = Fingers)") %>%
      check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
      },
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
      },
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_jitter") %>%
        check_arg("object") %>%
        check_equal()
  )
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_boxplot") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
    override_solution(., "gf_boxplot(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_boxplot") %>% {
        check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
        check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
      },
    override_solution(., "gf_boxplot(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height2Group)") %>%
      check_function("gf_boxplot") %>%
        check_arg("object") %>%
        check_equal()
  )
}

CK Code: ch4-14

require(coursekata)
Fingers <- Fingers %>%
    mutate(Height2Group = factor(ntile(Height, 2), 1:2, c("short", "tall")))

# Modify this code to break Height into 3 categories: "short", "medium", and "tall"
Fingers$Height3Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 2)
Fingers$Height3Group <- factor( , levels = 1:2, labels = c("short", "tall"))

# Create a scatterplot of Thumb by Height3Group

# Create boxplots of Thumb by Height3Group

Fingers$Height3Group <- ntile(Fingers$Height, 3)
Fingers$Height3Group <- factor(Fingers$Height3Group, 1:3, c("short", "medium", "tall"))

gf_point(Thumb ~ Height3Group, data = Fingers)
gf_boxplot(Thumb ~ Height3Group, data = Fingers)

ex() %>% {
    check_object(., "Fingers") %>% check_column("Height3Group") %>% check_equal(incorrect_msg = "Did you remember to use `ntile()`?")
}


ex() %>% check_or(
    check_function(., "gf_point") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_point") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_point") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Thumb ~ Height3Group, data = Fingers)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg("object") %>% check_equal()
    )


ex() %>% check_or(
    check_function(., "gf_boxplot") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_boxplot(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_boxplot") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
},
    override_solution(., "gf_boxplot(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height3Group)") %>%
    check_function("gf_boxplot") %>%
    check_arg("object") %>% check_equal()
)


success_msg("Keep it up!")

CK Code: ch4-15

require(coursekata)

Fingers <- Fingers %>%
  mutate(Height2Group = factor(ntile(Height, 2), 1:2, c("short", "tall")))

# create a scatterplot of Thumb by Height

# create a scatterplot of Thumb by Height
gf_point(Thumb ~ Height, data = Fingers)

ex() %>% check_or(
  check_function(., "gf_point") %>% {
    check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
    check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
  },
  override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height)") %>%
    check_function("gf_point") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
    },
  override_solution(., "gf_point(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height)") %>%
    check_function("gf_point") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>%
      check_equal(),
  override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Thumb ~ Height, data = Fingers)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "data") %>% check_equal()
    },
  override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers, Thumb ~ Height)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>% {
      check_arg(., "object") %>% check_equal()
      check_arg(., "gformula") %>% check_equal()
    },
  override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Fingers$Thumb ~ Fingers$Height)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>%
      check_equal()
)

CK Code: ch4-16

require(coursekata)

# complete the jitter plot
gf_jitter( ~ , data = , width = .1)  %>%
  gf_model(Tip ~ Condition, color = "red")

# complete the jitter plot
gf_jitter(Tip ~ Condition, data = TipExperiment, width = .1) %>%
  gf_model(Tip ~ Condition, color = "red")

ex() %>% {
  check_function(., "gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg("data") %>% check_equal()
  check_or(.,
    check_function(., "gf_jitter") %>%
      check_arg("object") %>% check_equal(),
    override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Condition ~ Tip, data = TipExperiment)") %>%
      check_function(., "gf_jitter") %>%
        check_arg("object") %>% check_equal()
  )
}

CK Code: A4_Code_Randomness_01

require(coursekata)

# shuffle the tips in the jitter plot
gf_jitter(Tip ~ Condition, data = TipExperiment, width = .1) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Shuffled Data")

# shuffle the tips in the jitter plot
gf_jitter(shuffle(Tip) ~ Condition, data = TipExperiment, width = .1) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Shuffled Data")

ex() %>% check_or(
  check_function(., "gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg("object") %>% check_equal(),
  override_solution(., "gf_jitter(shuffle(Tip) ~ shuffle(Condition), data = TipExperiment)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg("object") %>% check_equal(),
  override_solution(., "gf_jitter(Tip ~ shuffle(Condition), data = TipExperiment)") %>%
    check_function("gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg("object") %>% check_equal()
)

CK Code: A4_Code_Shuffling_01

require(coursekata)

# add the shuffle function to this code
TipExperiment$ShuffTip <- TipExperiment$Tip

# this makes a jitter plot of the shuffled data and adds means for both groups
gf_jitter(ShuffTip ~ Condition, data = TipExperiment, width = .1) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Shuffled Data") %>%
  gf_model(ShuffTip ~ Condition, color = "orchid")

# add the shuffle function to this code
TipExperiment$ShuffTip <- shuffle(TipExperiment$Tip)

# this makes a jitter plot of the shuffled data and adds means for both groups
gf_jitter(ShuffTip ~ Condition, data = TipExperiment, width = .1) %>%
  gf_labs(title = "Shuffled Data") %>%
  gf_model(ShuffTip ~ Condition, color = "orchid")

ex() %>% {
  check_function(., "shuffle") %>%
    check_arg(1) %>%
    check_equal()
  check_function(., "gf_jitter") %>%
    check_arg(1) %>%
    check_equal()
}

CK Code: A4_Code_Shuffling_02

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_01

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_02

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_03

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_04

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_05

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_06

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_07

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_08

require(coursekata)

# run your code here

CK Code: A4_Code_Review2_09

ckcode-chapter-a3-examining-distributions ckcode-chapter-b1-simple-model

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